Desert Skies

Tucson Amateur Astronomy Association

Volume XLIX, Number 9, October, 2003

Contents

Calendar of Events

Main Meeting: Friday, : Oct. 3rd at the Steward Observatory Auditorium – Room N210

BEGINNERS LECTURE: 6:30 pm
Title: Michael Magee, Flandrau Science Center
Speaker: The New Science Center at Rio Nuevo

Michael Magee will bring us up to date on the development plans for the new Science Center planned for Rio Nuevo. If you aren’t aware of the tremendous impact the Science Center will have on the downtown area, then you really need to attend this lecture. The TAAA’s support of the Science Center will be even more important to the success of their programs with their increased visibility in the downtown area.

GENERAL MEETING: 7:30 pm
Member’s Night

Here's your chance to be a "star", on stage, under the bright lights, and with a microphone. Bring those projects that you have been working on and share them with the club. The topics must be astronomy related (no karaoke, juggling or knife-throwing acts, please). This is a great way to learn about the neat things that other members get involved with. TAAA Members Nights are scheduled every fourth monthly meeting.


Board of Director's Meeting:Wednesday, Oct 8, 7:00 pm at Steward Observatory Conference Room N305

Star Parties and Events:

 

NEWSLETTER SCHEDULE:Deadline for articles: Sat, Oct 25. Printing: Mon, Oct 27. Folding Party: Tues, Oct 28. Mailing: Wed, Oct 29. The newsletter is mailed at least one week prior to the following month’s General Meeting.

Note: The board of directors meeting is the first Wednesday after the monthly meeting. The astrophoto SIG is the first Thursday after the monthly meeting.

General Information





		
             Office               Name                Phone        Email
             ------               ----                -----        -----
             President            Thom Peck          327-7825     thomas.peck@optics.arizona.edu
             Vice-President       Steve Peterson     762-8211     swpeterson@thereiver.com
             Secretary            Ken Wheelock       579-9099     kenandclancy@yahoo.com
             Treasurer            Terri Lappin       579-0185     tklappin@earthlink.net
             Member-at-Large      Ed Finney          296-9266     cefinney@NetZero.com
             Member-at-Large      Bill Lofquist      297-6653     wlofquist@aol.com
             Member-at-Large      Ray Toscano        529-3074     ray_toscano@Earthlink.net
			 
			Other Officers for 2003

            School S. Party Schedule Coordinator    Steve Marten        906-0049   steve1636@aol.com
            School S. Party Volunteer Coordinator   Robert Wilson       744-0263   rasjwilson@aol.com
            Desert Skies Editor                     George Barber       822-2392   barbergj@flash.net
            AstroLeague Correspondent               Nick de Mesa        797-6614   demesan@onsetbeach.com
            Astrophotography SIG                    Dean Ketelsen       293-2855   ketelsen@as.arizona.edu
            Astrocomputing SIG                      Roger Tanner        574-3876   rtanner@seds.lpl.arizona.edu
            Chief Observer                          Wayne Johnson       586-2244   mrgalaxy@juno.com
            Webmaster                               Dean Salman         250-0407   E-Mail
TAAA Mission Statement

Membership in the TAAA

Desert Skies Publishing Guidelines

Desert Skies is published monthly by the Tucson Amateur Astronomy Association, PO Box 41254, Tucson, Arizona 85717

President's Message

Club News

Member News

We welcome the most recent members to join the TAAA: Patricia Baldewicz, Mitch Hawkey, Jeff Hobbs, Mark Jaaskelainen, Marc Labadic, Paul Moss, Janice Petterson, and Martha Tullis. Glad to have all of you join! New members should be sure to pick up a new members pack at a meeting. Hope you’ll make it to our star parties or meetings so we can all get to know you. (Updated membership lists are available to any member at most regular meetings, so pick one up if you need it.)


Support TAAA with Basha’s Thanks a Million Program

Basha’s shoppers can now designate the TAAA to receive up to $1 for each $100 spent when they use their Basha’s “Thank You” card. To participate, give the cashier our 5-digit number (23178) when you check out. After doing this once, your very first receipt will state that the TAAA has been linked to your card purchases. Save that first receipt and bring it into a meeting for $1 off club apparel, calendars, or membership dues. You only need the number once; future purchases will automatically be linked to the TAAA. (You can link up to 3 of your favorite groups to your purchases and the 1% will be evenly distributed among those groups.) If you have questions contact Terri Lappin at 579-0185, tklappin@earthlink.net.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
: :
: TAAA’s Thanks A Million :
: Number 23178 :
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Oct. 3 & 4 Mars Public Viewing at Flandrau

Here's the last two chances to show the general public Mars, Uranus, and the waxing gibbous moon on the UofA mall with the folks at Flandrau Science Center on Friday, Oct. 3 and Saturday Sept. 4 from 7:00 p.m. (setup) to 10:00 p.m., weather permitting. As of Sept. 19, Flandrau Science Center has need of a limited number of TAAA scopes because of a potential mall conflict with the UofA dance center grand opening. This may change when, hopefully, any usage conflict issues are resolved. Because of this TAAA volunteers wishing to participate must contact Mike Terenzoni at Flandrau (miket@ns.arizona.edu, or phone 621-3646). A sign up sheet will be available at the October meeting.

Astro-Photo Special Interest Group
9 October, 7pm
China Rose, NE corner Speedway/Rosemont

Pleasant fall evenings and clear skies entice us all to enjoy our night skies. With the proximity of Mars, “Web cam fever” has hit many of the TAAA astronomers. Come check out what our TAAA astrophotographers have been doing. There have been a plethora of web cam images shown the last meeting or two, so there should be some prime images of Mars, and usually a surprise or two. Come enjoy some pretty pictures over some Chinese food. See you there.

Desert Museum Public Star Party
October 18, 2003 (Saturday)
Set up: 5:45pm
Public Arrives: 6:00pm

The Desert Museum is co-hosting our annual fall star party. This is always a very popular and fun event, with hundreds of people attending. We need as many TAAA members as possible to make a good showing.

Plan to start setting up at 5:45 pm in the Museum's lower parking lot. Viewing begins with Venus very low on the western horizon (setting about 6:30PM). Mars will still be well placed for good viewing of surface features. Moon phase is last quarter so deep sky objects will be visible during this star party.

Be sure to prepare for quickly falling temperatures after sundown. Remember that the museum will be closed at this time (restrooms are available). The Desert is on the far west side of town. Take either Gate's Pass or I-19/Ajo, and follow the signs. The event will be canceled if there is thick cloud-cover or rain.


Calendars for 2004

Calendars for 2004 will be available at this month’s regular meeting. We have selected the Deep Space Mysteries calendar this year, which is published by Kalmbach Publishing (Astronomy Magazine). The cost is $10 each (~$2 off the regular selling price), or $9 each for more than one. This calendar has daily information about astronomical events, both historical and observational…plus space for adding important events you need to remember. Each month features a full-color astronomical image of a deep sky object. May’s image is of “The Mice” (NGC4676). Almost every object in the image is another distant galaxy. June features a stunningly colorful image of the Eagle Nebula (M16).

Proceeds from the sale of these calendars will be used appropriately as decided by the board. Thank you to all who support the TAAA through the purchase of the yearly calendars.


The Halloween Astronomy Project
By Terri Lappin

Halloween...little ghosts, goblins, and space aliens abound! What better time to treat these creatures to a peak through your telescope? This year Mars is well placed for early evening viewing and the first quarter moon will be in the sky. Spending the evening out in the cool October air is much more pleasant than being indoors with the doorbell ringing every few minutes! Gary and I have set up telescopes each Halloween for several years and have always enjoyed the experience. Several TAAA members have done the same and have told me how much enjoyment they have had from the experience. Most parents have a real concern about sending kids out for trick-or-treating, but this is a treat that is relatively safe. And, the parents usually enjoy it as much as the kids do! Here are a few guidelines to help make your Halloween star party a success.

Set up your telescope near the sidewalk with a jack-o-lantern or similar attention getting, but dim, light source nearby. Spooky music gets attention too! Make sure power cords don’t become trip hazards. Leave your patio lights off to draw kids away from your front door and towards you and the telescope. The normal precautions taken at School Star Parties should be all you need for this event. Be sure to have a stepladder handy for the little ones. The tendency is for people to support themselves by leaning against the telescope so politely warn them not to touch your telescope. While most masks have large openings for eyes, removing their mask might make it easier for kids to look through your scope. While I recommend using an eyepiece with long eye relief because they are easier for non-astronomers to use, I also mention not to use an expensive eyepiece. Many kids wear makeup, and that stuff can get all over your eyepiece! We always have to clean our eyepiece at the end of the evening.

If you live in a neighborhood with bad outdoor lighting, use this casual observing session to make your neighbors aware of light pollution and how it affects our ability to see the night sky. Don’t make it a lecture, but just make them aware of the problem and ask them to think about how they use their outdoor lighting.

Having had a scope out on Halloween night (weather permitting) since 1991, we’ve become known as the “people with the telescopes”. Both the kids and the adults get a kick out of the experience and many forget that they are there for the goodies! Several gremlins and their parents come back for a second and third look.

I am interested in hearing any stories about your experience with the Halloween Astronomy Project. Tell me approximately how many kids look through your telescope and what objects you show them. I hope that TAAA members can make the Halloween Astronomy Project an annual event in their neighborhood.


50th Anniversary Celebration

As some of you may know, TAAA will not be having a holiday party this year. That is because on January 23, 2004, there will be a 50th Anniversary Banquet at Hidden Vally Inn. Yes, the club is turning 50! If you haven't already noticed the insert in the Newsletter you are holding, look again. All the info you need is on the flier. The banquet facility at Hidden Valley Inn will seat 275, so there is plenty of room for all (or most?). Come and be part of the big birthday party!


Can You Solve the Mystery?

The 50th Anniversary committee is trying to locate Past Presidents of the club. We are looking for Tom Caudell, Dennis Nendza and Jim Christy. If you can help, contact Sheila Conrad at (520) 529-1750 with the information. Thanks!


Thanks For the Tour!

About 40 TAAA members enjoyed a tour of the Large Binocular Telescope currently under construction on Mount Hopkins. Our tour included the Vatican Telescope, as well as the LBT. Thanks to Gary Rosenbaum and Dean Ketelsen, who arrange the tour for the TAAA, and especially to John Waack, John Rousseau, and J.T. Williams, who took the time from their schedules and gave us a memorable tour.


TAAA Apparel

TAAA apparel will be available for purchase at the next meeting. We have t-shirts, hats and a few sweatshirts left. All feature the TAAA logo embroidered on the item. Prices range from $8 to $13 each for these items. The new 2004 calendars are also available. Advance orders for TAAA jackets can be placed during the November meeting. Please stop by to see the jacket and place an order during the November meeting. All jacket orders must be paid in advance.


TAAA Telescope Raffle

As part of the TAAA 50th anniversary celebration, the club will be raffling off a Meade 10 inch LX200GPS telescope. The tickets are on sale now and can be purchased at the October through January meetings or by mail. The price of each ticket is $5.00. You must be a member of the TAAA to purchase the tickets and they are not transferable. The winning ticket will be drawn at the 50th anniversary party held on the 23rd of January at the Hidden Valley Inn. You need not be present to win. The winner is responsible for shipping/pick up. The telescope is valued at $2730.00. If you are unable to attend the meetings and want to purchase the tickets by mail, please call Liz Kalas at 620-6502.

 

Items of Interest

WEBSITES: TRIPS ON THE INTERNET SUPER-SKYWAY
Monsoon Maintenance
By Rik Hill

The web is now full of Mars pictures, the best I have ever seen from amateur astronomers in my 45 years of being one. Some are just breathtaking, like those of Ed Grafton:
http://www.ghg.net/egrafton/

Many such images can be seen at the ALPO Mars Section page:
http://www.lpl.arizona.edu/~rhill/alpo/marstuff/recobs.html

But some images are not the same high quality just due to poor focusing. In some cases, like at my house, it's due to plain bad seeing. I'm plagued by it. But often it's instrumental. So what is a good way to get that telescope focused? There is a device based on the optical test called the Hartmann Test that makes accurate focusing a breeze. The most simple and straightforward explanation for this device can be found at:
http://www.pinn.net/~dhahne/focusing.html

All you need is a sharp knife and some cardboard. The mask does not have to be all that fancy, even a crude one will serve well. You can see one such mask, made in minutes, at:
http://velatron.com/dca/articles/focus/

There are a variety of variations on this theme that you can see at:
http://www.users.zetnet.co.uk/pete/Focus.htm
http://www.laughton.com/paul/rfo/focus/focus.html
http://rao.150m.com/Focusaid.html
http://www.isomedia.com/homes/cvedeler/scope/focus.htm
http://www.astropix.com/HTML/I_ASTROP/I08/I0819/I0819.HTM

There is even one that you can use on your camera lenses. Bet you never thought of that one:
http://www.astropix.com/HTML/I_ASTROP/I08/I0817/I0817.HTM

I have seen too many great 35mm slide astrophotos ruined by poor focus. It must be awful to guide for an hour only to be defeated by focus.

Well this is a lot of reading material, but the point is that only a few minutes and the side of an old cardboard box is all you need to get that $1000 camera in focus!

As always, if you know of a particularly good website you would like mentioned here, drop me a line at: rhill@lpl.arizona.edu

2003: A Year of Sky Events
By Joe Orman
Photo Pages: http://pages.prodigy.net/pam.orman/JoeHome.html

Mark your calendar for these interesting alignments, conjunctions, occultations, eclipses & meteor showers in the year 2003. Times are calculated for Phoenix, Arizona; other locations may differ. Most will be easy to see with the unaided eye, some very challenging -- take a look!

September 24 (morning): Jupiter, Mercury and thin crescent Moon make triangle within 7 degrees, low in E before sunrise.

October 7 (evening): Uranus 3 1/2 degrees above Mars, in SE after sunset.

October 9 (evening): Full Moon rises straight east in twilight (sunset 6:02pm MST, moonrise 6:03pm, Moon 4 degrees above horizon straight east 6:26pm).

October 26 (daytime): Venus 1/3 degree to upper left of Moon, in SE at 11:30am MST (occultation in Hawaii & South America).

November 8 (evening): Total Lunar Eclipse (partial at moonrise at 5:27pm MST), low in ENE. Totality from 6:09 pm to 6:29pm.

November 16-17 (night): Last quarter Moon comes within 1 arc-minute of 3.5-magnitude star eta Leonis at 2:19am MST, in E (grazing occultation for northern Arizona).

November 17-18 (night): Leonids meteor shower. Last quarter Moon rising about midnight will interfere. Shower radiates from constellation Leo, which rises in E about midnight. Best time to look between midnight and dawn. Typical rate 20 meteors per hour, some years much higher.

November 25 (evening): Venus 4 degrees to right of crescent Moon, low in SW after sunset.

December 10 (evening): Saturn 5 degrees to right of gibbous Moon; both rise in ENE about 7pm.

December 13-14 (night): Geminids meteor shower. Gibbous moon rising about 9pm will interfere. Shower radiates from Castor in constellation Gemini, which rises in NE around 7pm and is near zenith in early morning hours. Best time to look between 7pm and dawn. Typical rate 60 meteors per hour.

December 24 (evening): Venus 5 degrees to right of crescent Moon, low in SW after sunset.

Star Parties and Events

Oct. 3 & 4 Mars Public Viewing at Flandrau

See article in the Club News section


Hendricks School at Double V Boy Scout Ranch Star Party Southwest
Thursday, 10/9/2003 No. of Scopes: 6

Hendricks School at Double V Boy Scout will be hosting a star party for their troop. To get there, get on I-10 then I-19 and exit at Ajo and turn right at Kinney Rd. Go 3/4 mi - just past the trailer park to the entrance on the east side of the street. After entering grounds follow signs to Ramada Grande where the viewing will take place. Contact person is Debbie Lehman. She can be reached at 690-5601 or email LehmanD@flowingwells.k12.az.us. Set-Up Time: 7:30 pm Observing will be from 8:00 pm to 9:30 pm Sunset: 5:59, Dark Sky: 7:20 Moon Phase: Full Moon.


Desert Museum Public Star Party
October 18, 2003 (Saturday)

See article in the Club News section


Tucson Fun & Adventure Star Party Foothills
Saturday, 10/18/2003 No. of Scopes: 3

Tucson Fun & Adventure will be sponsoring Fun Under the Night Sky at Sabino Canyon. Take Wilmot north until it becomes Tanque Verde (after the "Dinosaur" McDonalds at Grant). At Sabino Canyon Rd. turn left (north) from Tanque Verde. Follow Sabino Canyon to just past Sunrise Rd. to the park (on right). The observing will be at the tram loop near the main buildings. Contact person Susie Degan can be reached at or email sedegan1@juno.com. Set-Up Time: 6:00pm. Observing will be from 6:30 pm to 8:00pm. Sunset: 5:48, Dark Sky: 7:10 Moon Phase: (no moon during viewing).


TAAA Star Party at Las Cienegas (Empire Ranch)
Saturday, 10/25/03

Las Cienegas (formerly Empire Ranch) has been our normal dark-sky observing site for quite a number of years. Please try to arrive before sunset. Stay as long as you like, but let everyone know when you are ready to leave; someone may be taking astrophotos. Bring a telescope if you have one, but you don’t need one to attend. Any member would be glad to let you look through their telescope. There are no restroom facilities at the site, so be prepared. Las Cienegas is at 4000 feet so be prepared for quickly dropping temperatures after sunset. Also be sure to bring a good mosquito repellant. Attendees should park their vehicles either perpendicular to the airstrip facing toward the center of the strip, or parallel to the airstrip along either side facing west. That way, when you are ready to leave, you will not have to back up and turn on your bright white backup lights. See the directions to Las Cienegas on the outside flap of this newsletter.


Booth-Fickett Magnet Star Party Central
Tuesday, 10/28/2003 No. of Scopes: 6

Booth-Fickett Magnet will be holding their annual “Exploring the Night Sky” at 450 S. Montego Dr. Head east on Broadway to Kolb, turn right (south). Go two blocks and turn left at Calle Arturo (first street that you can turn left on off of Kolb-- you'll see the big school marquee), and go about 2 blocks. There will be a marked gate on your right (south side of street.) Head due south about 200 yards to set-up area near the buildings. Contact person Scott Seidler can be reached at 731-3952 or email Scott.Seidler@tusd.k12.az.us. Sandwich & coke will be available for TAAA volunteers! Set-Up Time: 6:30 pm Observing will be from 7:00 pm to 8:30 pm. Sunset: 5:37, Dark Sky: 7:01 Moon Phase: Crescent.


 


Constellation Report by Chris Lancaster

Phoenix

The constellation that we know as Phoenix evolved from what the ancient Arabs called Al Zaurak, or the Boat, as well as Al Rial, the Ostriches. Johann Bayer first identified this constellation as Phoenix on his star atlas of 1603. The Phoenix is a mythological bird, which, at the end of its long 500-year life span, would build a fire and throw itself upon it. Then, from the ashes, a new Phoenix would rise to begin a new life cycle. Its red and gold plumage is reminiscent of the fire that ends its life.

Phoenix is in a part of the sky that hugs the southern horizon from the southern United States as it crosses the meridian. All but a few stars, which are along its southern border, rise into the sky for a little while during the late pm hours in the middle of October. To find Phoenix, start with the easily recognizable constellation of Cetus, the whale or sea monster, go south through the dim stars of Sculptor, and just above the horizon you’ll see the 2nd magnitude and fainter stars of Phoenix. It’s brightest star, Alpha Phoenicis, forms a rough equilateral triangle with Beta Ceeti and Alpha Piscis Austrini (Fomalhaut).

There is a large collection of galaxies in Phoenix, but many are dim and too close to the horizon to be worth finding. However, just a bit more than 2 degrees northeast of Gamma Phoenicis is a moderately bright spiral galaxy of magnitude 11.6. It’s tilted between face-on and edge-on, so it presents itself as a more or less featureless oval measuring 5.7’ x 1.9’ and oriented almost perfectly east to west in its long axis. NGC625 can be dialed up at RA 1h 35m 5s Dec -41d 26’ 11”.

The preceding galaxy can be glimpsed in most backyard telescopes in clear, dark skies. Another one would be IC5325, a slightly fainter magnitude 12.0 spiral at the western edge of Phoenix at RA 23h 28m 43s Dec -41d 19’ 58”, or 1.7 degrees northwest of Iota Phoenicis. This one shows its face to us, but is rather small at only 2.7’ x 2.5’.

The remaining galaxies in Phoenix are much more challenging, but those of you with large aperture telescopes might want to look in the area of Beta Phoenicis (see the graphic below). In a two degree diameter circle around this 3.3 magnitude star are four faint galaxies. Starting 1 degree northeast of the Beta star, you’ll see IC1633, a magnitude 12.2 elliptical galaxy 2.9’ x 2.4’ in size (RA 1h 9m 55s Dec -45d 55’ 56”). Moving half a degree west from this galaxy will bring you to PGC03939, a magnitude 13 lenticular galaxy measuring a tiny 1.1’ x 0.9 (RA 1h 6m 49s Dec -45d 49’ 29”). Go half a degree southwest to find PGC03847, another lenticular galaxy of magnitude 13 and 1.3’ by 0.7’ (RA 1h 5m 00s Dec -46d 4’ 35”). Finally, go south 1 degree from here (or half a degree southwest of Beta Phoenicis) and you might catch a glimpse of PGC03845, an elliptical galaxy 1.1’ x 0.7’ in size and of magnitude 13 also (RA 1h 4m 54s Dec -46d 59’ 59”).

Going for an easier target might be just what we need now. Look again to the western side of the constellation for Theta Phoenicis. This is a double star of magnitude 6. Go to high power to split this pair of magnitude 6.5 and 7 stars, which are 4” apart.

Because Phoenix is so close to the horizon, it takes patience and determination to observe most of what it has to offer, but to round out the sky, it’s worth pointing your telescope down to it.

[Let me say thank you to all of you for reading my constellation articles over the years. It’s been both rewarding and educational for me (as I hope it has been for you also). With this article I complete the discussion of the constellations that grace the skies over Tucson, and I wish everyone fun under the stars! ]



 

 

Dark Skies for September 

DARK SKIES (no twilight, no moonlight) for Tucson in 24-hour MST: 18=6pm, 20=8pm, 22=10pm, 0=12am
RISE, SET, VISIBILITY for sun and bright planets: rise for morning object, set for evening object

Tu/We 30/ 1  21:38 -  4:56         Sa/Su  11/12    -   -   -          Tu/We  21/22  19:07 -  3:15
We/Th  1/ 2  22:33 -  4:57                                            We/Th  22/23  19:06 -  4:21
Th/Fr  2/ 3  23:34 -  4:58         Su/Mo  12/13  19:16 - 19:23        Th/Fr  23/24  19:05 -  5:12
Fr/Sa  3/ 4   0:38 -  4:58         Mo/Tu  13/14  19:15 - 19:57        Fr/Sa  24/25  19:04 -  5:13
Sa/Su  4/ 5   1:43 -  4:59         Tu/We  14/15  19:14 - 20:35        Sa/Su  25/26  19:03 -  5:13
                                   We/Th  15/16  19:13 - 21:18                                   
Su/Mo  5/ 6   2:46 -  5:00         Th/Fr  16/17  19:12 - 22:07        Su/Mo  26/27  19:02 -  5:14
Mo/Tu  6/ 7   3:47 -  5:00         Fr/Sa  17/18  19:11 - 23:02        Mo/Tu  27/28  19:28 -  5:15
Tu/We  7/ 8   4:46 -  5:01         Sa/Su  18/19  19:10 -  0:02        Tu/We  28/29  20:22 -  5:16
We/Th  8/ 9    -   -   -                                              We/Th  29/30  21:23 -  5:16
Th/Fr  9/10    Full Moon           Su/Mo  19/20  19:09 -  1:05        Th/Fr  30/31  22:29 -  5:17
Fr/Sa 10/11    -   -   -           Mo/Tu  20/21  19:08 -  2:09        Fr/Sa  31/ 1  23:35 -  5:18

Weekend    Sun   Sun      Mercury     Venus      Mars     Jupiter    Saturn                       
Sa/Su      Set   Rise     Rise Vi    Set  Vi   Set  Vi    Rise Vi   Rise Vi    Vi=Visibility      
                                                                                                  
 4/ 5     18:03  6:18      5:11 4   18:40  5   3:08 -2    3:42 -1   23:21 0    -3 brilliant       
11/12     17:54  6:23      5:40 7   18:37  4   2:46 -2    3:21 -1   22:55 0     0 conspicuous     
18/19     17:46  6:28      6:09 -   18:34  3   2:26 -1    2:59 -1   22:28 0     3 moderate        
25/26     17:39  6:34      Set  -   18:34  2   2:09 -1    2:37 -2   22:01 0     6 naked eye limit 
 1/ 2     17:32  6:40     17:45 -   18:34  2   1:54 -1    2:15 -2   21:33 0     9 binoculars limit




By Erich Karkoschka
Meeting Minutes

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